There are three main types of skin cancer:
Melanoma: Melanoma is considered the most dangerous form of skin cancer. Researchers believe that exposure to ultraviolet rays (UV) either via the sun or tanning beds is the cause of nine out of 10 melanoma cases. When skin cells suffer unrepaired DNA damage, mutations occur. The cellular changes start to multiply rapidly and develop into malignant tumors.
Typically, melanoma tumors originate in the pigment-producing cells known as melanocytes which are in the basal area of the epidermis. The areas of abnormal cell changes often resemble moles and, in some cases, may develop from a pre-existing mole. Melanomas typically appear black or brown in color. However, they can also be skin-colored, red, pink, blue, purple, or white.
When found and treated early, melanoma is treatable. However, left untreated, cancer can advance rapidly and spread to various parts of the body. Once metastasis has occurred, the malignancy can prove fatal. Of the distinct types of skin cancer, melanoma causes the most fatalities.
Basal Cell Carcinoma: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) occurs when abnormal growths and lesions develop from the skin’s basal cells. Most BCCs appear as open sores, pink growths, red patches, or shiny bumps. It is believed that BCC tumors occur because of sun exposure. Unlike melanoma, BCC rarely metastasizes to other parts of the body. However, occasionally, the skin cancer can spread and become life-threatening without treatment. Around 4 million cases of basal cell carcinoma occur each year in the United States. It is the most frequent form of skin cancer.
Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) is the second most usual form of skin cancer. Each year, more than a million cases are diagnosed. It occurs when the squamous cells of the skin’s epidermis start to multiply uncontrollably. The cellular changes appear as red, scaly patches, elevated growths, warts, or open sores. Most have a central depression that often crusts and bleeds. Long term exposure to UV radiation is believed to be the leading cause of SCC. If caught early SCC is treatable.
Annual skin exams are the best way to keep skin cancer in check since 90% of skin cancer is curable if caught early. Contact our office today to make an appointment!